400 Scale Orthophotography York County, SC
Table of Contents
IDENTIFICATION_INFORMATION
Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Kucera International Inc.
Publication_Date: Unknown
Title: 400 Scale Orthophotography York County, SC
Edition: One
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Image
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: York, SC
Publisher: York County Government
Other_Citation_Details:
None
Online_Linkage: None
Larger_Work_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: None
Publication_Date: None
Title: None
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: None
Publisher: None
Online_Linkage: None
Description:
Abstract:
A digital orthophoto (DO) is a digital raster image of an aerial
photograph which, through a process of differential
rectification, has been brought to an accurate, uniform
scale with a specified tolerance. The differential
rectification process involves relating the digital photo
imagery to terrain coordinates and elevations (e.g., a
digital terrain model) so as to correct for scale variation
due to terrain relief and image displacement due to the
angular offsets of the aerial camera at the time of
exposure. A digital orthophoto is essentially the
image-based equivalent ofa photogrammetrically compiled
planimetric map.
Purpose:
A digital orthophoto is a geometrically accurate photographic
record of landscape conditions at the time of the corresponding
aerial photography. As such, the digital orthophoto is useful for
a variety of applications, such as environmental monitoring,
facility engineering/maintenance, city/county planning, property
line review, etc. The digital orthophoto can be used alone or as
a raster basemap for corresponding vector line mapping.
Supplemental_Information:
This metadata covers the county-wide 400 scale orthophotograpy
acquired in 2005.
Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Range_of_Dates/Times:
Beginning_Date: 20050212
Ending_Date: 20050212
Currentness_Reference: Ground condition
Status:
Progress: Complete
Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: Unknown
Spatial_Domain:
Bounding_Coordinates:
West_Bounding_Coordinate: -81.501882
East_Bounding_Coordinate: -80.832687
North_Bounding_Coordinate: 35.186093
South_Bounding_Coordinate: 34.828068
Keywords:
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Theme_Keyword: aerial photograph
Theme_Keyword: basemap
Theme_Keyword: digital orthophoto
Theme_Keyword: orthophoto
Place:
Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Place_Keyword: Clover
Place_Keyword: Hickory Grove
Place_Keyword: McConnells
Place_Keyword: Sharon
Place_Keyword: Smyrna
Place_Keyword: South Carolina
Place_Keyword: Tega Cay
Place_Keyword: York
Place_Keyword: York County
Access_Constraints: None
Use_Constraints: None
Point_of_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: York County Mgmt, Info. Systems
Contact_Person: Steve Fox
Contact_Position: GIS Analyst
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: 6 South Congress St.
City: York
State_or_Province: SC
Postal_Code: 29745
Country: US
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 803-684-8570
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 803-684-8580
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: gis@yorkcountygov.com
Hours_of_Service: 0800-1630 EST M-F
Native_Data_Set_Environment:
Georeferenced TIFF Format Image, County.tif
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DATA_QUALITY_INFORMATION
Attribute_Accuracy:
Attribute_Accuracy_Report:
None
Logical_Consistency_Report:
None
Completeness_Report:
None
Positional_Accuracy:
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report:
These images comply with ASPRS Class 1 accuracy requirements
for 400 scale orthophotography.
Vertical_Positional_Accuracy:
Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report:
None
Lineage:
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Kucera International
Publication_Date: Unpublished material
Title: Aerial Photography
Edition: One
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Image
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: None
Publisher: None
Other_Citation_Details: None
Online_Linkage: None
Larger_Work_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: None
Publication_Date: None
Title: None
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: None
Publisher: None
Online_Linkage: None
Source_Scale_Denominator: 24000
Type_of_Source_Media: Film and disc
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Range_of_Dates/Times:
Beginning_Date: 20050212
Ending_Date: 20050212
Source_Currentness_Reference: Ground condition
Source_Citation_Abbreviation: IMG
Source_Contribution:
Aerial images are used to compile mapping and also for the
production of orthophotos.
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: York County
Publication_Date: unknown
Title: Mapping
Edition: One
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: vector
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: unknown
Publisher: unknown
Other_Citation_Details: None
Online_Linkage: None
Larger_Work_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: None
Publication_Date: None
Title: None
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: None
Publisher: None
Online_Linkage: None
Source_Scale_Denominator: 4800
Type_of_Source_Media: Disc
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Range_of_Dates/Times:
Beginning_Date: unknown
Ending_Date: unknown
Source_Currentness_Reference: Ground condition
Source_Citation_Abbreviation: MP
Source_Contribution:
Client provided mapping was used and updated as necessary.
The mapping is used to create a Digital Elevation
Model(DEM) for ortho production.
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Kucera International
Publication_Date: Unpublished material
Title: Control
Edition: One
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Map
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: None
Publisher: None
Other_Citation_Details: None
Online_Linkage: None
Larger_Work_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: None
Publication_Date: None
Title: None
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: None
Publisher: None
Online_Linkage: None
Source_Scale_Denominator: not applicable
Type_of_Source_Media: Disc
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Range_of_Dates/Times:
Beginning_Date: 20050212
Ending_Date: 20050212
Source_Currentness_Reference: Ground condition
Source_Citation_Abbreviation: CONT
Source_Contribution:
Control is used to create a digital control file and control
report as well as QC check of ortho accuracy.
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Kucera International
Publication_Date: Unpublished material
Title: Digital Elevation Model
Edition: One
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Map
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: None
Publisher: None
Other_Citation_Details: None
Online_Linkage: None
Larger_Work_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: None
Publication_Date: None
Title: None
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: None
Publisher: None
Online_Linkage: None
Source_Scale_Denominator: not applicable
Type_of_Source_Media: Disc
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Range_of_Dates/Times:
Beginning_Date: 20050212
Ending_Date: 20050212
Source_Currentness_Reference: Ground condition
Source_Citation_Abbreviation: DEM
Source_Contribution:
The digital elevation model (DEM) is a regularly spaced grid
of points representing the underlying surface. DEMs are
created from compiled mapping and used to orthorectify aerial
images.
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Kucera International
Publication_Date: Unpublished material
Title: Tile Definition
Edition: One
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Map
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: None
Publisher: None
Other_Citation_Details: None
Online_Linkage: None
Larger_Work_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: None
Publication_Date: None
Title: None
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: None
Publisher: None
Online_Linkage: None
Source_Scale_Denominator: not applicable
Type_of_Source_Media: Disc
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Range_of_Dates/Times:
Beginning_Date: 20050212
Ending_Date: 20050212
Source_Currentness_Reference: Ground condition
Source_Citation_Abbreviation: TLDEF
Source_Contribution:
The tile definition is no more than an ASCII text file listing
the name and bounding coordinates for each tile in the image
index. This is used to crop and control the amount of forward
lean and sidelap between orthos. This also helps reduce the
amount of large ground features (i.e. buildings) from being in
the feathering area during the mosaicking process.
Source_Information:
Source_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Kucera International
Publication_Date: Unpublished material
Title: Orthophotography
Edition: One
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Image
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: None
Publisher: None
Other_Citation_Details: None
Online_Linkage: None
Larger_Work_Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: None
Publication_Date: None
Title: None
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: None
Publisher: None
Online_Linkage: None
Source_Scale_Denominator: 4800
Type_of_Source_Media: Disc
Source_Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Range_of_Dates/Times:
Beginning_Date: 20050212
Ending_Date: 20050212
Source_Currentness_Reference: Ground condition
Source_Citation_Abbreviation: OIMG
Source_Contribution:
Orthophotos are mosaicked together and then cut to the tile
definition boundary to create a full-tile, deliverable
orthophoto.
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
Step 1:
At selected locations throughout the site, accurate GPS
coordinates and elevations of monumented/referenced ground
points are surveyed and the points are marked with targets
which will be visible in the aerial photography of the site.
Step 2:
New color aerial photography of the site is acquired using a
USGS calibrated/approved aerial camera system mounted in a
twin-engine aircraft. The aerial camera used was Zeiss RMK
Top 15 (serial no. 145860). Last calibrated by the USGS on
09/2003. Calibrated focal length is 152.483 mm, with an AWAR
resolution rating of 101. Film type was Kodak X100, color.
Step 3:
During the aerial photography, the XYZ position of the
camera center (principal point) and angular orientation of
the aerial camera at the instant of each exposure is
accurately measured using an airborne GPS/IMU system
interfaced with the aerial camera. GPS base-station
receivers are also operated on the ground over known site
points during the flyover provide data necessary to relate
the aerial camera position and orientation measurements to
the terrain coordinate system.
Step 4:
The aerial photography is processed, checked, titled, and
scanned. Scanning was in direct negative form in a single
pass on Z/I Imaging PhotoScan 2000 system. Scanning
resolution used was 14 microns (1800dpi), resulting in an
image pixel resolution of 1.00'.
Step 5:
The airborne GPS/IMU data is processed together with the
simultaneously recorded ground-based GPS base station data
to determine the aerial camera position and orientation in
the terrain (project) coordinate datum.
Step 6:
The scanned digital photo imagery for each exposure is
directly oriented on digital orthophoto production stations
using the associated airborne GPS/IMU data and rectified to
digital elevation model data. Image rectification was
performed using Z/I Imaging's Imagestation Base Rectifier.
Step 7:
Using automatic image processing software, blocks of
rectified digital images are mosaicked together and
radiometrically adjusted (tone balanced) across the images
to achieve a generally seamless appearance. Mosaicking was
completed using Stellacore Orthovista. Each mosaicked raster
image was individually adjusted in Adobe Photoshop after
automated processing to correct for anomolies in the mosaic.
Step 8:
Automated image processing software is used to extract
individual image tiles with client-specified tile system.
Orthophoto tile system is modular with tiles measuring
10000' by 10000' and is defined by coordinate grid lines of
NAD83 South Carolina State Plane Coordinate System.
Step 9:
The individual final tiled images are subject to manual QC
review, including feature representation, edge match,
radiometry, and geometric accuracy. Positions of targeted
ground points observable in the imagery are compared against
their surveyed coordinate positions as a geometric accuracy
check.
Step 10:
Back-up copies of raw scanned and rectified imagery are
maintained.
Process_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Person_Primary:
Contact_Organization: Kucera International Inc.
Contact_Person: Mr. James Pleasant
Contact_Position: Orthophoto Production Dept. Supervisor
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: 38133 Western Parkway
City: Willoughby
State_or_Province: Ohio
Postal_Code: 44094
Country: United States
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 440-975-4230
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 440-975-4238
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: j.pleasants@kucerainternational.com
Hours_of_Service: 0900 - 1630 EST
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SPATIAL_DATA_ORGANIZATION_INFORMATION
Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster
Raster_Object_Information:
Raster_Object_Type: Pixel
Row_Count: 10000
Column_Count: 10000
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SPATIAL_REFERENCE_INFORMATION
Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:
Planar:
Grid_Coordinate_System:
Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: State Plane Coordinate System 1983
State_Plane_Coordinate_System:
SPCS_Zone_Identifier: South Carolina
Lambert Conformal Conic:
Standard_Parallel: 32.500000
Standard_Parallel: 34.833333
Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -81.000000
Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 31.833333
False_Easting: 1999995.999797
False_Northing: 0.000000
Planar_Coordinate_Information:
Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: Coordinate pair
Planar_Distance_Units: Int. Feet
Geodetic_Model:
Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983
Ellipsoid_Name: GRS 80
Semi-major_Axis: 20925604.472041
Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257
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ENTITY_AND_ATTRIBUTE_INFORMATION
Overview_Description:
Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
Color orthophotos are comprised of pixels. Each pixel is
assigned a value of 0 to 255. That number will refer to a color
look-up table which contains red, green and blue (RGB) values,
each from 0 to 255, for that pixel within the image.
Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation:
None
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DISTRIBUTION_INFORMATION
Distributor:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: York County Mgmt, Info. Systems
Contact_Person: Steve Fox
Contact_Position: GIS Manager
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: 6 South Congress St.
City: York
State_or_Province: SC
Postal_Code: 29745
Country: US
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 803-684-8570
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 803-684-8580
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: steve.fox@yorkcountygov.com
Hours_of_Service: 0800-1630 EST M-F
Resource_Description: 400 scale orthos
Distribution_Liability:
York County provides the geographic data "as is". This
organization makes no guarantee or warranty concerning the
accuracy of information contained in the geographic data. Also,
this organization makes no warranty, either express or implied,
regarding the condition of the product or its fitness for any
particular purpose. The burden for determining fitness for use
lies entirely with the user. Although these files have been
processed successfully on computers at this organization, no
warranty is made by this organization regarding the use of these
data on any other system, nor does the fact of distribution
constitute or imply such a warranty.
Standard_Order_Process:
Digital_Form:
Digital_Transfer_Information:
Format_Name: None
Transfer_Size: None
Digital_Transfer_Option:
Online_Option:
Network_Address: None
Access_Instructions:
None
Offline_Option:
Offline_Media: None
Compatibility_Information: None
Fees: None
Ordering_Instructions:
None
Custom_Order_Process:
None
Technical_Prerequisites: None
Available_Time_Period: None
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METADATA_REFERENCE_INFORMATION
Metadata_Date: 20050823
Metadata_Review_Date: 20050823
Metadata_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization: Kucera International Inc.
Contact_Person: John Antalovich Jr.
Contact_Position: president
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: 38133 Western Pkwy.
City: Willoughby
State_or_Province: OH
Postal_Code: 44094
Country: US
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 440-975-4230
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: 440-975-4238
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: john@kucerainternational.com
Hours_of_Service: 0800 - 1630 EST M-F
Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC CSDGM
Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998
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